Means for and method of making lock washers



Oct. 1l, 1932. s. c. TRoTTER MEANS FOR AND METHOD OF MAKING LCK WASHERS Filed Jan. 7. 1931 11 Sheets-Sheet 1 oct. l1, '1932. G.- C, TRQTTER 1,882,3.90

MEANS FOR AND METHOD OF MAKING LOCK WASHERS Filed Jan. '7, 1931 11 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. n, 1932. G. c. TROTTER, f www@ i MEANS FOR AND METHOD OF MAKING LOCK WASHERS Filed Jan. '7, 1931 11 Sheets-Sheet 3 @et H, H932. G. c. TROTTER MEANS FOR AND METHOD OF MAKING LOCK WASHERS l1 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Jan. 7, 1931 ct. M; 1932.

ww... w\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ Oct. Il, 1932. G. c. TROTTER MEANS FOR AND METHOD OF MAKING LOCK WASHERS Filed Jan. 7, 1931 11 Sheets-Sheet 6 @MW/@fm www@ Oct.. 11, 19.32.

G. C. TROTTER MEANS FOR AND METHOD OF MAKING LOCK WASHERS Filed Jan. 7. 1931 11 Sheets-Sheet '7 Y, Sip/27d Z5 d? Det. 1l, 1932. G. c. TRoTrER 1,882,100

MEANS FOR AND METHOD 0F MAKING LOCK WASHERS Filed Jan. '7, 1931 11 Sheets-Sheet 9 Oct. 11, 1932. G C, URO-ITER Y 1,882,100

MEANS FOR ND METHOD OF MAKING LOCK WASHERS Filed Jan. v, 1931 11 shets-sheet 1o Oct. 1l, 1932. G. c. TROTTER 1,882,100

MEANS FOR AND METHOD OF yMAKING' LOCK WASHRS Filed Jan. 7. 1931 11 Sheets-Sheet' 11 Patented @et lh, ldd@ GEORGE C'. TRTTEEL, @E CHECAG, EELHUOXS `tir A attiene ron ann internen or mae en wasnnas ,application tiled clanuary 7, i931.. Serial No. 'dl.

- Another object ci my present invention 1s to provide means and methods, whereby lock washers of the pronged type may be produced with extreme accuracy so that the resulting washers will' be uniform in structuralcharacteristics, and hence uniform in locking effectiveness when subjected tolpractical use in the held.

'A further and more specific object of my present invention is to provide an improved and edective means and method, whereby lock washers may be rapidly and accurately produced from a single strip of serrated dat stock, and to this end l propose to provide y said serrated stock by severing a single strip of material into two identical serrated strips, severing a predetermined .length ol one of said strips in accordance with the size of the washer to be produced, coiling said severed section so as to produce a single convolution with the serrations extending axially thereof, and subsequently forcing said serrations or prongs inwardly so as to resent a lock washer having a marginal b y portion and a plurality of locking prongs extending inwardly therefrom. v

Still more specifically, it is an object of my present invention to provide means and methods, whereby the above mentioned steps may be practiced in immediate succession so that said serrated strip may vbe successively advanced, severed, and ,formed into the desired washer, so that washers may be completed in rapid succession. l

In addition to the above mentioned b-y jects, my 'invention contemplates the provision of a new and improved machine, whereby the abdve mentioned and other steps ot my improved methods may be practiced,

Vsaid machine being so designed as to enable the rapid production of accurately formed 'pronged lock washers trom a strip of serrat l ed stock. p

el still further object of my invention is to provide a reciprocable punching mechanism which is provided with a plurality of stations for receiving sections of severedser-f rated stock, whereby,l during each cycle of reciprocation of the punching mechanism, forming operations will be simultaneously performed on a plurality of sections of serrated stock, each section being positionedr atl one of said stationsc rlheforegoing and numerous `other objects and advantages will be more apparent from the following detailed description when considered in connection with the panying drawings,` wherein- Figure 1 is a plan view of "a machine which is representative of one means, whereby my improved method of producing loch washers ma be edectively practiced;

igure 2 is an enlarged elevational view of the machineV as viewed from the trent ot rel;

igure 3 is a fragmentary elevation as viewed from the front of Figure l, a portion" of the punching mechanism being broken away to more clearly illustrate certain struc'- tural 'features thereof; l

Figure d is an enlar ed transverse sectional view of the machine ta en substantially alongi the line 4 4 of Figure l;

Figure 5 is an enlarged transverse sectional view of the punching mechanism taken substantially along the line 5--5 of Figures l, 6, and 7;- Figure 6 is a horizontal sectional view ot the punching mechanism taken substantially along ,the line 6--6 of Figure-5to disclose the relative positions of the various strip forming statlons;

Figure 7 is a view taken substantially along the line 7-7 of Fi re 5, of the end ot the punching devices w ich are companion to the various forming stations disclosed in yFigure 6;

accom- -ltlil Fi ure 8 is an enlarged lon itudinal secltiona view of the reciprocal) e strip feeding mechanism, said view being takensubv gstantially along the line 8--8 of Figure 1;

' the serrations or teeth when the stock is in- Fi ure 9 is a fragmentary enlarged perspective view of the strip ceiling station and associated mechanism;

Fi re l0 is an enlarged transverse sectiona view of the reciprocable strip feeding -mechanism taken substantially along the line 10-10 of Figure 1;

Figure 11 1s an enlarged fragmentary plan view of the reciprocable stripfeeding mechanism to more clearly illustrate the manner in which a predetermined len h of serrated stock is severed and lateral y shifted into registration with the ,coiling station;

Figures 12 to 21 inclusive fragmentarily disclose mechanisms which are employed to perform operations on successive strips of serrated stock from the time said strip y1s fed in its elongated state into the coiling mechanism until it is finally ejected from the machine as a completed pronged lock washer;

Figure 22 is an enlarged view of one form -of serrated stri material, which is capable of being formed into a lock Washer by emplo ing my improved machine and method;

igure 23 discloses the strip of Figure 22 formed into a-single convolution;

Figure 24 is a view of the underside of Fi re 23;

igure 25 discloses the washer after bemg en aged by the plunger shown in Figure 14; Figure 26 discloses the washer after the action of the plunger of Fi re v15;

Figure 27 shows the was er after it has been flattened by the plunger of Figure 16;

Figure 28 is an enlarged end elevational view of one of the prongs of Figure 27 to disclose the eect which is produced upon itially formed into a serrated strip;

Figures 29, 30, and 31 are enlarged end views of the prongs similarto Figure28 and disclose the results which may be obtained by the use of a plunger of the type shown in Figure 17. `Fi re 29 disclosesV a prong which is of su stantially equal thickness throughout its length, and Figure 30 discloses a prong which has been tapered toward its outer extremity, while Figure 31 discloses a prong which has been formed with a concave surface;

Figure 32 discloses the washer after it has been acted upon by the said plunger serving to force the washer stock outwardly against the walls of a circular nest; and thereby insure a perfect circular contour along the youter margin of the washer body and also to size the central aperture of said washer;

F' res 33 and 34 disclose the washer prowith slight indentations or notches vide which are produced by the plunger of Figplunger of Figure 18,

re 20, which also serves to flatten the bo y of the washer.

Referring no w to the drawings more in detail, wherein like numerals have been employed to designate similar parts throughout the various figures, it will be seen that for' the purpose of more -clearly setting forth my improved method of producing lock washers, I have disclosed a machine, where- .tj

by said method may be efectively practiced, and the particular embodiment disclosed in the drawlngs includes a suitable base 40, Figure 2, which supports an upper frame 42, Figures 1, 2, and 3. This frame 42 extends upwardl. on one side thereof to support a suitab e drive shaft 44, Figure 2, which carries a fly-wheel 46.. Power may be imparted to this shaft 44 from anysuitable source (not shown), and this power is transmitted from the shaft 44 through the medium of a chain 48, which drives a sprocket wheel 50, Figures 1 to 4 inclusive. The sprocket wheel 50 is mounted upon a drive shaft 52, and this shaft is mounted in suitable brackets 54 and 56,

which are mounted upon a bed plate 58.

A strip feeding mechanism designated. generally by the numeral 60, which includes a pair of reciprocable bars 62 and 64 and a housing 66, is mounted upon the bed plate 58. l

Reciprocation is imparted to the bar 62 through thevagenc'y of a link 68, which is interposed between said bar and, a gear 70. This gear is driven from the drive shaft 52 through the agency of a pair of bevel gears 72 and 74. The reciprocable bar 64 is similarly connected with a gear 76 through the agency of a link 78, and this gear is driven from the gear 7 0 through the agenc of gears 80 and 82 mounted upon a sha 84. The extremities ofthe links 68 and 78 are eccentrically positioned with respect tothe axis of their respective gears 70 and 76 so as to effect the proper timing and stroke of the bars 62 and 64, as will later be described.

6 rJtch 86 which is adapted to receive a strip of serrated stock 88, said stock comprising a body portion 88a and -a plurality of serrations or prongsV 8811 extending along the upper margin thereof (see Figure 22) This stock 88 is initially inserted within the left end of the bar 62 as viewed in Figures 1 and 8, until the advancing end of the-stripv essaies ispositioned within the ri ht extremity of a ,strip-receiving slot s own clearl in Figure 11. This slot 90 is formed within a stripper carriage92, which is transversely'reciprocable with respect to the axis ot the bar 62. When .the stock is initiall positioned within the slot 90 as describe the prongs or teeth 88h of the stock will click past a resiliently depressed linger 94 and a resiliently'depressed finger 96. The nger 94 is pivotally carried by and is reciprocable with the bar 62 and serves to intermittently advance stock into the slot 90 of the stripper carriage 92. The function of the nger 94 will be clearly apparent from the disclosure in Figure 12, wherein said iinger is shown in operative association with one oi the prongs 886. During the reverse or left movement of the bar 62, the finger 94 will click past the prongs 8819, and during this interval the resiliently depressed finger 96 will tinterloclr with the prongs 88?) so as to revent the stock from being urged outward y from its position within the stripper carriage slot or recess 90. lt will be apparent, however, that during the advancing stroke of the nger 94, the finger 96 will permit the prongs 885 to click past it.

Assume that the serrated stock 88 has been moved into position within the slot 90 and that the bars 62 and 64 are functioning in timed relation. As the bar 62, which carries the iinger 94, is moved rearwardly to the left, the stripper carriage 92 is urged to the right, Figure 4, through the agency of a cam 98 carried by the drive shaft 52 and av follower roller 100 supported by the carriage. The forward movement of the carriage causes the section of stock now positioned within the slot 90 thereof to be sheared from the remaining section of stock atthe point designated by the letter A, Figure 11. This severed section of stock is advanced until the carriage reaches the dotted line position shown in Figure 11 and also the solid line position shown in Figure 4.5 The bar 64 is at this interval advancing toward the carriage and a depending finger 102 supported at the advancing end of the bar 64, Figure 8, en'

gages the left end of the stock within the carriage and urges it into association with a coiling mechanism or station designated generally by the numeral 104, later to be described.

Upon completion ofthe advancing stroke of the bar 64, a plunger 106 and a cooperating spring 108, Figure 4, act lupon the carriage 92 and thereby eiiectva sudden reverse movement so that, as the bar 64 begins its movement to the left. said carriagewill be clear of the depending finger 102. A low cylindrical surface 98a of the cam 98, Figure 4,`cooper ates with the roller 100 to retain the carriage 92 iny its strip-receiving position shown in Figure -11 for a sufficient time to permit the nger 94 of the bar 62 to advance a section of stock into vthe slot 90.

The coiling mechanism or station 104 reerred to above is more clearly shown in the perspective view of Figure 9. In this figure 17,:

the slot 90 by the depending tinger 102 into a ceiling chamber or passageway 114. rlhe length of this coiling chamber or passageway 114 corresponds with the length of the severed section of stock, and upon the completion of this ceiling operation a hollow plunger 116, which forms a part of a plunger or punch mechanism 117, Figures 5, 7, and 9, is moved downwardly over a cylindrical projecting braclret 118, which supports a forming arbor or die 119, so as to eect downward e'ection of the severed convolution 88 from t e coiling mechanism into a recess 120 of an indexing plate 122.

This indexing late or disk 122 rests upon a plate 124, and is horizontally rotatable about a central pin or shaft 126, Figures 5 and 9. 'lhe indexing disk 122 is provided with a plurality of the above mentioned recesses 120, said recesses being equally spaced along the plate and equally distanced from the axis of the pin 126. As the coiled strip 88, Figure 23, is forced out ot the coiling mechanism 104, the body portion 88a of said strip is snugly received by the inner cylindrical surface surrounding the recess 120. It will be' noted that the recesses 120 are also provided with ta ered Side walls to facilitate the'directing ot the serrated strip 88 into the inner cylindrical portion of the recess.

After the hollow eject-ing plunger 116 is raised from the recess 120 whichl now contains the convolution oi stri material 88, the plate or disk 122 is indexe in a clockwise direction as viewed in Figures 1, 6, and 9, so as toy bring the next following recess of the plate into registration 4beneath the ceiling' mecha-y nism 104. The mechanism for indexing the disk 122 will be described later. ln order to obtain a clear understanding of the subsequent forming operations to which the coiledciprocable along suitable guide pins 130. The

reciprocation of the plunger mechanism 117 is occasioned through the agency of a suitable eccentric device 132, Figure 2, which is actuated by the main drive shaft 44, sgid eccentric mechanism 132 being connected with a reciprocable plunger head 134 which supports the member 128.

As the 'disk 122 is-indexed, as above set forth, the coiled strip -88 having the prongs thereof extending in an axial direction, is moved into position beneath a second plunger 136, Figures 5 and 7. This plunger 136 which is supported a-t its upper end by the plate 128, as clearly shown in Figure .5, is formed with an internal conical surface 138, and this surface upon engaging the upwardly extending prongs of the Istrip 88 causes said prongs to be deflected inwardly so as to assume the position shown by the dotted lines in Figure 14 and as shown by the full lines in Figure 25. The included angle of the upper surface of the Washer or strip as shown in these figures is approximately 90 degrees. v

Upon the completion of the above o eration, the plate 122 is indexed so as to ring the washer beneath a plunger 140 which is also formed with an internal' conical surfacev 142. TheV engagement of this surface lwith the work causes the prongs to be deflected inwardly to a further degree, so that the in-y completely fla-tten the washer, thereby presentmg a structure similar to that shown in F1 ure 27.

t this point reference is made to Figure z 28, wherein an enlarged end View of a prong of the washer of Figure 27 is disclosed. It will be seen that rounded edges'148 are shown along one side of the prongs 8812, and these rounded edges are formed at the time the serrated strip 88 is initially formed. This strip is preferably formed by cutting a sin gle strip into two symmetrically formed parts by a suitable shearing operation. The shearing of the strip mater al frequently forms a rounded or dull edge along one side of the prong, but does not impair the sharpness of the opposite edge. To avoid thepresence of these rounded edges in the completed ivasher, I subject-the washer in the next operation to the action of a plunger 150, which is provided with a suitable surface 152. The surface 152 is less in diameter than the diam- Ieter of the washer, and may be formed to i produce a flat tooth as shown in Figure 29, a tapered toothv as shown in yFigure 30, or a tooth having one conca-ve Surface as shown in Figure 31. In any'event this plunger 150 serves to remove the dull or roundededges from the prongs 886. When the washer is indexed to the next station, another swedgng operation is performedby a plunger mechanism designated generally by the numeral 154, Figures 7 and 18. This mechanism includes a central plun r 156 and a surrounding plunger 158. j 158 engages the upper surface of the w and the central plunger 156 is forced into the central apertureof the washer and against the inner surfaces of the causes the body7 portion o the washerto be urged outward y against the cylindrical wall of the recess 120, and in this manner any irregularity in the peripheral surface of the washer, as, for example, the flat surfaces 880 shown in Figure 27 are removed. In other words, the desired circular form of the peri heral surface of the washer, as shown in Figure 32, is obtained. The central plunger 156 also serves to properly size the central aperture of the washer, and this feature is important in instances where tolerances are relatively small.

When the washer is advanced to the next station, a punch or plunger 160 having a plurality of serrations 162, Fi re 19, is moved prongs 88b. This` e surrounding plun r I tir into engagement with the ody portion 88a of the washer, thereby making slight depressions or indentations 88d, Figures 33 and 34. By scoring the body of the washer in this manner, the -abutting ends/of the washer are sprung toward each other and thereby counteract any tendency to spring them apart. In

fact, by subjecting the stock to this seorirgv operation, said stock t is actually elongat suiiciently to cause the irm abutment of the abutting ends thereo l.

Y Upon being moved to the next station, they washer is engaged by a plunger mechanism 164, Figures 5 and 20which includes av central plunger 166 having a plurality of angularlydisposed teeth 168 and a surrounding plunger section 170. These teeth 168' when 'Y moved into engagement with the prongs or teeth 886 impart a warp or twist to the teeth so as to position work engaging edges out of i the plane of the washer body. The plunger 168 1s secured in a. iixed position to the member 128, Figure 5, and the surroundin section 170 is urged downwardly throng the` action of a coil spring 172. A second toothed plunger 174 is supported beneath theindexing disk 120, an the teeth ofthis -plunger 174 cooperate ,with the teeth 168 in imparting a twist to the washer prongs. Surrounding the plunger 174 is a collar 176 which cooperates with the plunger section 17 0 in grip# ping -the body portion of the washer. This collar 176 is constantly urged u wardly through the action of a coil spring 1 8.

As the washer is indexed to the next and final ejecting station, a. plunger 180, Figure 21, moves down y so as to eject the washer from the recess 120. The ejected washer is conducted by any suitable means (not shown) to a. suitable receptacle. l

' The intermittent movement or indexing of the disk 120 is accomplished by means of lett extremity of this rod'has a pivotal connection with one end of a link 184, Figure 1,

the opposite extremity of said link being connectedwitha disk 186. te disk 186 rotates in unison with the gear 76, and the eccentric positioning of the link 184 with respect to the anis of the disk determines the stroke of the shifter rod 182. This rod pivotally supports a pavvl 188 which is continuously urged toward the disk 122 by means ot a coil sprin 180. During the forward movement-oi this rod 182, the pawl 188 engages one oit a plurality et equally spaced notches 182 in the disk 122, and thereby causes said disk to be urged in a clockwise direction as viewed in .Figures 1 and 6. liachA advance-s ment of the pawl 188 is such as to move the recesses 120 oi the disk into successive registration with the stations on lthe plunger mechanism 117. ln order to prevent inadvertent shitting or movement of the disk, ll provide a latch member 194, which is-constantly ur toward the disk by means ot a coil spring 196. This latch 19t is adapted to interlock with the notches 192, and thus serve 'to secure the disk in position att/er the indexing pawl 188 has shifted said disk into proper position with respect to the plunger stations. ln order to disengage the latch member 194i at the proper interval so as-'to permit the pawl 188 to indes the plate, l provide a lug 198 which is carried by the shifter rod 182 and is adapted to engage a bellcrank 200. lhe shifting ci' this bellcrank to the right, lligure 1, causes the latch member 191 to be withdrawn from engagement with a companion notch of the disk. The disengagement of the latch memher takes place imme diately upon the starting oi the indexing stroke ot the pawl 188, and upon the reversal ot the pawl, the lng 198 is moved over the adjacent end of the bellcrank 200 Without disturbing the position of the latch member 194:. llt will be noted that the lug 198 is pivoted and spring-urged in order to enable said lug to clear the end oi the bell-crank 200 without disturbing the position oi the latch member lrom the lforegoing it will be apparent that 1n practicing my improved method by the use of the alcove described machine, a strip ci flat spring stock is rst divided by a suitable shearing operation into two serrated strips, namely, the 'strips 88 which comprise a body portion 88a and a plurality of prongs or serrations 88h. @ne of these'strips is introduced within the reciprocahle leed ciprocation is imparted to the bars 82 and 84, as well as timed reciprocation to the indering pavvl 188. The advanced end of the introduced stock is moved into the slot 90 of the sheering or stripping carriage 92, lli ure 11, through the action ot the yieldah y depressed linger 911, Fig. 8, and the nger 96 prevents the rearward movement of the stock as the hnger 8d is shitted in a reverse direction. llt this interval the cam 98, acting against the roller follower 100, Figure t, causes the carriage 82 to he advenoedtherehy severing a predetermined length of stock, such as the section 88 shown in Figure 22. ln this connection it will he noted that the stock is severed midway ot one ont the spaces between the prongs so that, when the ends of the strip sections are moved into abutting re lation, e, space at the abutting portions will be ual to the remaining spaces. This severe section ot serrated' stock 88 is moved laterally into-the path ot the advancing h the low point ot the cam 88 in ed'ecting the rearward movement o the carriage. ln this connection it will be ohserved that the carriage includes a main block 82a and a pair ot lates 92h and 82o, Figure Il, which present t e slot or recess 90 tor receiving the serrated strip seetion when the carriage occupies the position shown in Figure 11. `Upon the rearward movement et the carriage 82 and the simultaneous rearward movement oft' the bar 8d,

the eccentric mechanism 182, Figure 2, tunetions to lower the punching mechanism 117.

This carries the hollow lunger 116 downwardly against the coile strip section and ejects said section from the ceiling mechanis or station and forces it downwardly 'into the recess 120 of the indexing plate 122.

The indexing pawl 188 now tunctions to shift the disk so as to move the next followlll@ ing recess 120 into position beneath the coiling mechanism and to move the rst mentioned recess carrying the strip oit stock into position beneath the station which includes the plunger 188, Figure' 1d. Daring movement et the hollow plunger 118 and the disk 122, a second section ofserrated Stoch is losing severed and advanced toward the ceiling station. Thus, when the punching mechanism 11'? is again moved downwardly, a second strip section will have heen ositioned within thecoiling mechanism, an the first strip section will be acted upon by the ist 6l i, ssa,1oo

plunger 136 so as to deflect the lprongs and method ofl atwise coiling and subsequently l ody portion of the washer stoc inwardly, flattening a strip of stoc is not limited to as shown in Figures and 25. Upon successive indexing of the disk 122, the remaining forming operations, described above and clearly shown in Figures 15 to 2O inclusive,

are performed. As the completed Washers reach the final station which includes the ejecting plunger 180, Figure 21, they are automatica ly ejected from the plate 122.

Thus it will be apparent from the foregoing description that, upon each cycle of operation of the machine, a lock washer will be completed and ejected from the machine. In this manner I- am able to very accurately produce lock washers of the pronged type in. quick and continuous succession. Strip material may be continuously fed to the machine at one end and completed Washers delivered at the opposite end. The arrangement of the forming stations as described above presents a very practical construction and the punches are conveniently positioned for purposes of replacement or repair.

In the stri material from which the lock washers are ormed, the grain extends longitudinally thereof. In other words, the grain in the strip 88 extends longitudinally of the body portion 88a. In this connection it shouldlbe noted that in employing my machine to practice the above described method, the strip material is bent in such a manner as not to destroy the longitudinal disposition of the bers or grain of the material with respect to the stock. That 1s to say, when the stock is bent fiatwise so as to present the convolution shown in Figure 23, the

i grain of the material extends longitudinally thereof. This should be clearly distinguish-y ed from lock washers blanked from flat stock wherein the grain in the com leted washer naturally traverses the body t ereof and does not extend concentrically. It

l should also be noted that, in flattening the washer from the shape shown in Figure 23 to the shape shown in Figure 32, I do not impair the concentric disposition of the grain. In fact, the body portion and prongs of the stock, inshifting from the position shown in Figure 23 tothe flat position show nl in Figure 32, turnor rotate about axes which are parallel with the grain of the stock. In this manner I am able to maintain the. concentric disposition of the grain in the stock.

Attention is also directed to the fact that in practicing my method the strip material is coiled atwise and not edgewise. Considerably less force is required incoilingstrip stock flatwise than is required to coil similar ,material edgewise. It will be observed that the manufacture of washers havin serrations or prongs therein, but may e used in any instance where washers of an annular type are required. In fact, plain type washers having no llocking teeth may be effectively produced by practicing the above described method. My invention is in no sense Ylimited to any particular method of feeding strip'material into the coiling mechanism, or

to any particular method of manufacturingv the strip material.

It should be understood that the invention is in no sense limited to any particular design of lockwashers, such .as a lock` washer lhaving any specific form of tooth construction. In the present application I have shown teeth commonly referred to as twisted teeth. However, I ropose to employ my improved machine an method for producing lock washers having various forms of Warped, deflected, or twisted teeth, and it is only necessary to employ the particular type of forming or punching devices which are designed to produce the particular type of prong desired.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to obtain by Letters Patent is: f

1. The `method of producing lock which consists in iatwise coiling a section of serrated flat stock, and flattening said coiled section of stock so as to present a lflat type Washer with the serrations thereof projecting out of the plane of the stock for lockingly engaging a Work piece.

2. The method of producing lock washers which consists in latwise coilingiasection of' serrated flat stock with the serrations ex-` tending axially of said coil, and deflecting said stock laterally so as to present a flat type washer with said serrations projecting out ofthe plane of the stock forlockingly engaginga work piece,

3. The method of producing lock Washers which consists in atwise coiling a section of' serrated flat stock with the serrations extend- `ing axially of said coil, and delecting said stock inwardly so as to present a flat type washer Withsaid serrations projecting out of the plane of the stock for lockingly engaging a work piece.

4. The method vof producing lock washerswhich consists in `flatwisecoiling a sectionof serrated flatfs'tock, positioning said serrations in substantially a common plane, and then warping said stock so as to present locking teeth projecting out of the plane of thestock forz'lockingly engaging a work piece.

5. The method of producing lock washers which consists in providing serrations along a margin of a strip of Hat stock, iatwise coiling a section of said serrated stock, and flatessere@ toning said coiled section of stoclcso as to present a flat type Washer with the serrations thereof projecting out of' ille plane of the stock for lockingly engaging e work piece.

6. yl`l1e method oi producing lock washers which 'consists in severing s seclion` from a strip oi serrated Washer stock, longitudinally shifting said severed section into n ceiling die to produce a convolution delavvise of said stock, and liettening said convolution lao preseniJ a dat type lock Washer with teeth projeciinn7 ourJ of elle plane oi 'che Washer stock for yoclcingly engaging a Work piece.

7. The method ol producing loclr vvesliers which consists in atvvise ceiling n seczion of serrated dat snoek. conicallv orining said section so as `to move che serrelions inwardly, completely aitening said inwardly entending serreitions so as to present iliona in subsllsnlielly e common plane, end 'nnen warping dalie serrelions to present Work engeging lzeetli exoending out ol the plane' oi lille Weslier stoclr.

8. A device for producing vvasliers including a ceiling mechanism for da'lvvise ceiling e strip ci stock 'fed .'nherelm ineens for snif*- ing stock delivered lo lfne ceiling rneclisnisln lo enable a suloseclueniJ operacion lo be performed upon ille stock., and ineens lor sul)- sequenrly ilatlzening said coiled seczion oi sllocli so as lo present e del, iype 9. A device -ier producing Washers inuzlud` ing a ceiling mechanism igor clvvise ceiling :i strip of stoel-r lied lnerelo, 'lor sliiiling elle coiled section from snid rneclisnisru lo enable n suliseouen'l operation lo be performed upon the stools, end ineens for solosequeniljv sliilzine one margin ola seid coiled section into sunsraniially the seme plone as the ollier mergin, whereby 'lo presenl, n dei? lvpe Washer.

l0. A device `lor producing Wnsliers including a ceiling mechanism for fisvvise ceiling s, section of del; sleek, plunger mechanisms for shifting one mnrginoi elle coiled seclion of stock inwardly so as lo present e del flype Washer, and means'iior shifting the snoek from the ceiling meclinnismflo said plunger mechanism.

ll. device for producing loclcvveshers including n ceiling mechanism igor daivvise ceiling s strip oif dat stock, en indexing ineclienism having .s recess for receiving niafcerial coiled by said mechanism, means ier shifting said indexing mechanism, end ineens adapied lo Hellen che stock sdvenced from he coil'- V ing nieclienisrn so as 'lo piesenJ s dan lype vvsslier with ilie opposite ends iliereol edjacenely positioned.

in. .d device ior producing wssliers including coiling mechanism for receiving s section of serrated sfrip stock and for Hai:- wise coiling said stock,v shiitelole means for receiving an' advancing stock coiled lov said mechanism, plunger mechanism for shifting the stock serrations inwardly so as lo present a Hal: type Washer, and means for warping theA continuous aloulnrienll or@ the stools esd'sreniiiies.`

ld. A device for producing vvasliers including s mechanism for iialvvise ceiling a strip of stock lied rlierelo9 means for shifting lille coiled sli-ip from seid mechanism lo enelole subsequent operation lo loe performed upon ille coiled strip, ineens for ilallening said coiled strip so es lo present a dal; type Washer, and means iior producing indeniav lions on al', least one suriec of elle Washer lo edeci ille elongation of 'elle stools and "thereby maintain lalie exlzremi'lies thereof in shutting relation,

l5. The method oi producing lock resellers which consists in feeding e slripol serreized materiel into a ceiling nieclisnism lo eifec'l clic ilelvvise ceiling odiesloclr, sliifising seid coiled sli-ip from said mechanism lo another position, llallening seid serrated strip so es to posilion :all porsions of the stock in e coinmon plant, sluiting said {iai-,tened materiel lo anoialier position, end ellen warping said serrslzions so ns lo presenl; locliing leerla projeccing oui', of ille plane of che Washer sboclr.

lo. The method ci producing lock Washers vvliich consists in doivvise ceiling a seccion ci serrated dal; slocir, idattening seid stools so es lo posilion slie ser-reviens and elle body of llie stools in s subsvnniially common plane end ai, the same lime preventing an increase in ille external diameter of the dsltened stock, end vvsrping ine serralions izo present vvorlr engeging leech extending out of r'zhe piene or the washer sloclr.'

17. The method oiproducing lockl Washers vvliicli consists in severing s section from av strip ci serrated stock end forming seid sev.

ered seciion into a convolution dstvvise of the stock, daitening seid convolution to preseni a iiat type vvesher having marginal prongs, scoring the body portion of ille dat tened Weeber, and warping 'the prongs out of the plane of the "washer stock to present Work engaging teeth;

i8. A device for producing lock Washers including a ceiling mechanism for latwise ceiling a strip of dat stock, a rotory device having a recess for receiving material coiled wil reo

by said mechanism, means for index said -rotary device to change the position o said recess, and means ada ted to Hatten the stock when said recess has en indexed.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto 4subscribed my name;

GEORGE' o. TROTTER. 

